A Thinking Person's Reintroduction to Classical Music Part 2

In the last post I left you with a movement from one of J.S. Bach's Brandenburg Concertos. Bach didn't get the job for which he was applying when he sent the Duke of Brandenburg the music. He didn't actually say outright that he was applying for the job but we have his letter to the Duke of Brandenburg, who kept the music. Bach spent much of his career writing and performing in court chapels before settling in Leipzig where he ran the St. Thomas School (a choir school) and provided music and direction for 4 churches. He was otherwise occupied fathering no fewer than 21 children.

Bach never met George Fredrich Händel whom he admired. The two were not rivals as Bach wrote mostly church music and Händel was a successful composer of Italian language operas. Händel was Court Musician to the Prince George Ludwig, Elector of Hanover in Germany. The Electors were princes who elected the King of Germany who was then crowned Holy Roman Emperor. In 1714 Queen Anne died and George Ludwig was next in line to become King of England. He moved to London and took Händel with him.

Fortunately for Händel, Italian opera was all the rage in London, a city with lots of rich people and a flourishing middle class. He wrote more than 40 operas and founded 3 commercial opera companies while at the same time being the King's court composer writing music like Water Music and Music for the Royal Fireworks. Italian opera eventually fell out of fashion. It had always became costly to stage and the shrinking audiences put it to bed.

Handel moved on to oratorios, like The Messiah, most of which are religious operas although church figures made it clear costuming and staging them was inappropriate so they were presented as concert works. He also wrote service music for the court. Zadok the Priest, an anthem, has been performed at every British coronation since.

So Bach is remember for comparatively dense and complex choral and organ music and a few orchestral suites like the Brandenburgs. Händel's music is more approachable and less complicated, reflecting the situations and audiences for whom it was performed. 

Here's a little Händel from the 1st Water Music Suite. You might enjoy listening a again to the Bach excerpt in Part 1 again, either before or after listening to this so you can compare them.

A Thinking Person's Reintroduction to Classical Music: Part 1

These days music is playing much of the time. It plays in malls and stores. It plays in elevators and in other public spaces. It is present in all kinds of media. Some of us pipe it into our heads through earbuds while pursuing other activities. It is not ubiquitous, but it is getting there.

In almost all of these instances people don’t actually pay any attention to the music. They are not listening to it.

In public places, it is played to mask noise. In films and video it can be source music, like music playing from a radio or TV, in a scene. It could be the film’s score, music written by a composer to be played during the action. Movie music is often written intentionally in such a way that it is not noticed by the viewer. In some films, the score can be loud and complex and still be drowned out by the action of the movie.

Most of us do listen to music with the intention of actually listening to it. If you don't pay attention to songs, you won't understand the lyrics. If you don't listen to dance music, you'll be unaware of the rhythm.

This brings us to so-called classical music. Quite a lot of it who was written before player pianos and the earliest records. Almost all of it is played on acoustic instruments or is sung. Even though we listen mostly to recordings of it, it is that we are listening to.

Some of the classical music which is still played is dance music, like waltzes by Johann Strauss. Some of them was played while doing other activities, like Telemann’s Tafelmusik, to be played while dining. Of course, most of it was written to be listened to either in halls or more intimate settings.

These days, classical music is almost always approached as art, as something to which one expects to pay attention. We go to galleries to look at Old Masters, to theatres to see Shakespeare’s plays. We can look at reproductions of art on our computers and tablets or watch videos of Shakespeare.

The music that is performed by orchestras, choirs and chamber musicians can be as new as this week’s première of New Music or could have been first performed more than 300 years ago. Simply put, that's a lot of music.

Most of you, I suppose had some experience of "classical music” in school, even if not a very lasting one. So how do I, the mentor, reintroducing you, the thinking person, to classical music? It is a quandary. No doubt, different people have different starting points. Similarly, different people have a different destination in mind.

Nonetheless,I’m going to suggest jumping in with both feet. The link will take you to the first movement (i.e. section, part) of Johann Sebastian Bach’s Brandenburg Concerto #2. Links to the rest other Brandenburgs will be there on the page. Please listen to just this unless you’re compelled to hear more. 

Many musicians revere J.S. Bach as the greatest composer who ever lived. These concertos are among his most accessible music. This rendition is by Tafelmusik, a Toronto based group and they are playing period instruments, instruments like those played at the time, not their modern adaptations. This music was written about 300 years ago. 

Brandenburg Concerto #2, 1st Movement

Brahms' Symphonies with the Chamber Orchestra of Europe

I have just finished listening to the 4 Brahms Symphonies played the the Chamber Orchestra of Europe conducted by Yannick Nézet-Séguin. I accomplished this over 4 mornings while practising Yoga. I have been taking a couple of classes each week at a seniors centre with an excellent instructor who, being herself a senior, is sensitive to the needs and individual limitation of her students. In any event, I’ve discovered (duh) that my progress is greater when I practice daily at home. I listen on bluetooth in-the-ear headphones, not Air Pods but like that.  We encountered these versions of the Brahms Symphonies on the Mezzo Channel of which I wrote in my last post. It was a video version of the 3rd Symphony and it was marvellous. The Chamber Orchestra of Europe is a kind of fancy pick-up orchestra run by its members. It doesn’t have a regular conductor or venue but is based in the UK. It does make recordings for Deutsche Grammophon, a very prestigious company. The video is available on YouTube although the audio is compressed so not as good as what we heard. 

I’ve been listening on YouTube Music which has better audio quality than their video channel. 

Music types will know that the 4 Brahms symphonies are among the cornerstones of the Romantic orchestra’s repertoire with, for example Beethoven’s 3rd through 9th or the 6 symphonies Tchaikovsky. (Some will recoil at my mentioning of those two composers in the same metaphorical breath.)

As a youngster, from what I had heard of Brahms’ music, I thought it heavy and stodgy. My understanding of Brahms’ range as a composer came when I performed, with the Tudor Singers of Montréal, both sets of Liebeslieder Waltzer (Love Song Waltzes) and the Ziegeurner Lieder (Gypsy Songs). I got to sing the solos in the latter. These works, for SATB (choir or quartet) are anything but heavy and stodgy and established the composer’s fame and reputation in 19C Vienna.

The Chamber Orchestra of Europe, in this incarnation, is not a small group. There are 8 first violins and the appropriate corresponding number in the other string sections. The winds and percussion are dictated by the score so they’d be the same with more string players but this would, obviously, effect the balance. 

Yannick Nézet-Séguin

The audio take is very, very clear, and not muddied at all by the reverb of the hall, the Festspielhaus in Baden-Baden. Moreover, under Maestro Nézet-Séguin’s direction, the music is presented in extraordinary detail. I’ll have to listen again with the score in front of me to understand how much of what one hears is Brahms’ markings and how much of it is the conductor’s interpretation. The music is alive in a way I’ve rarely heard in listening to recordings of orchestral music.

I wouldn’t recommend Brahms’ symphonies to a novice classical music listener (I’m working on An Intelligent Person’s Reintroduction to Classical Music). Something more straightforward would be more appropriate but I recommend these recordings to anybody, anyway. They really are something special.

Opera on Mezzo Channel

I'm shocked! Shocked to find gambling if going on in here! 

No, wait, sorry. I'm shocked that I haven't written a new post in more than a year. Here goes...

Some time ago we were getting free weeks of the Mezzo Channel on Bell Fibe and recorded some of the things that were interesting to us. I found my way around the Bell site and discovered we could, in fact, subscribe for $5 a month! (Crave would cost us more than $20/month.)

For those interested in concert music, opera, dance and/or jazz it's a great deal.

There are downsides to watching the operas because there are rarely subtitles attached from the original recordings and, when you us the Fibe subtitle feature (which works perfectly well on other channels) the order of words is so garbled it can be hard to make sense of them. Otherwise, full length recordings of opera production from major European opera houses. What's not to like?

We watched Die Fledermaus on 2 consecutive evenings from Opéra Royal de Wallonie-Liège. It was sung in German. There were English subtitles attached from the original recording and singers with substantial European careers in a contemporary setting. A dozen dancers turned up, sometimes as real characters, sometimes as fantasy ones commenting on the text. It was funny. It was the most entertaining Fledermaus I've seen.

We also watched Act 1 of Queen of Spades, an opera with which I was not familiar. The chorus makes it clear that the scene is a park. It's a beautiful day. Toward the end of the scene a storm comes up and everyone runs for shelter. 

In this production there's a dark stage and 6 tables in what is clearly a downmarket casino. That's where the principals play out the act. The chorus appear from the back of the stage and then disappear the way they came. Why would the director of the opera ignore the obvious setting described in the score? It's hardly the first time a stage director has put his/her concept above that of the librettist and composer.

Turandot, from the Vienna State Opera was worse. Aside from four principals everyone, soloists, dancers, supers and chorus, was dressed in identical contemporary suits with silly wigs. I have no idea what the setting was. The stage was often empty. Characters entered and exited through locker doors, a kind of vomitorium and an upstage door to the executioner. Turandot was accompanied by four dancers with huge doll masks. Supers paraded around with, eventually, dozens of boxes containing the heads of decapitated suitors.

The singing was sensational. Asmik Grigorian sang a wonderful Turandot (she also sang in the Queen of Spades, above, from Munich). Jonas Kaufmann was Calaf. Kristine Mkhitaryan was Líu. The Ping, Pang and Pong were great and executed some complex choreography while singing their scenes.

But, again, what was the stage director thinking when it's clear that the opera is set in a timeless ancient China and that it is a kind of fable.